Such Useful thoughts for IAS Examination

I Psychotherapy was originally associated with the work on psychoanalysis of Freud, Jung and others-the process of probing the subconscious in order to 1% bare inner motivations. Recently however there has been a reaction against psychoanalysis in the form of the 'humanistic psychology' movement. In this movement the role of the psychotherapist is as an enabler rather than a prover the humanistic psychologist helps his or her clients explore their situation for themselves so that they can move towards understanding and dealing with their problems on their own. There are various humanistic psychotherapies-gestalts, transactional analysis, psychodrama, bio-energetic and so on, some with a degree of rationality and success, some less well founded. One in particular has been found by many people to be relevant in educational settings and is known as 'Rotation' therapy after its founder Carl Rogers (1902- 1987). The underlying theory of Rotation therapy is essentially simple. It is 'non-directive'-i.e. clients are helped to talk over and clarify their problems for themselves, taking charge of their own therapy. The therapist (and therefore to a lesser extent the counselor) brings certain qualities and skills to the relationship that enables clients to do this in their own way and in their own time. This content is useful for exam for IAS . We have over-simplified the theory, but in a sense it may not be unfamiliar to you. Rogers has re-invented the concept of meditation and prayer, where troubled persons commune with God and them and try and move towards finding solutions to their troubles. Regor's contribution is to suggest that a second person with particular qualities and skills can help this process. The skill of active intelligent listening is central to counseling of-any type whether informatory, advisory or counseling. As Rogers he wrote. He discovered that simply listening to my client was an important way of being helpful. So when I was in doubt as to what I should do in some active way, I listened. It seemed surprising to me that such a passive kind of interaction could be so useful'. So is that all then a counselor simply listens? Of course, it is not as simple as that; the key lies in the words 'active' and 'intelligent'. The counselor listens actively by encouraging learners to think through their query or problem for themselves: the counselor listens intelligently by clarifying what is being said and looking (sometimes) for what is not being said-the implications of omitted or unclear statements there are some useful but simple techniques to help you listen better. They are open-ended questions, acknowledgements, reflections, and silences.

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