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More detail knowledge about Civil Services Examination and IAS Exam by neha sharma
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More detail knowledge about Civil Services Examination and IAS Exam by NEHA SHARMA
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| Article Posted: 10/28/2013 |
| Article Views: 842 |
| Articles Written: 26 - MORE ARTICLES FROM THIS AUTHOR |
| Word Count: 425 |
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More detail knowledge about Civil Services Examination and IAS Exam |
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Education,Books,Career
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The beginning of education in ancient India can be traced to the education through the Upanishads and Dharma shastras. The most important contribution of the ancient Indian system of education is the concept of Gurukulas in which the students resided for a number of years in the ashram of the teacher. Fee for education was unheard of, though there was concept of gurudakshina in which the student gave to the teacher, gifts as per his capacity. Along with studies and the preparation for the Civil Services exam the student was expected to work in the daily chores of the ashram. Some of these gurukuls developed into excelled universities. Indian universities such as Takshashila and Nalanda were famous the world over for the standard of scholarship. Ancient Indian education focused upon knowledge, obtaining/ of experience and students exhibited the knowledge obtained through discourses in a concourse of scholars, the objective of education was not merely reading, but the subjective assimilation of knowledge and experience. Sublimation of instincts, spirituality and growth of character and personality were other objectives of study. The syllabus of education during this period included education in writing, agriculture, commerce, cottage industries, animal husbandry, archery, magic: knowledge of reviving the dead, knowledge of animal cries and sounds, prophesy, control over sensuous activities, the bodily gestures medicine, etc. However, in later periods, the education system tended to become discriminatory and education became out of reach of certain sections of the society including women. Religion acquired more and more importance. The most important facts for the IAS Exam logic and reason were slowly relegated to the background. Superstitions crept into the education system and astrology which had not logical base became a part of curriculum. Advent of Muslims did not affect the Hindu education system which continued in its own way. The Muslims devised their own education system. Arabic and Persian were the medium of instruction. This curriculum was also heavily dominated by theology. However, administrative exigencies on part of both the Hindu subjects as well as Muslim rulers resulted in Hindus learning Persian. This interaction also resulted in development of Urdu language. At the time of British advent in India, the education was community based and in terms of curriculum as well as individuals was heavily dominated by religious elements. Access to education was severely restricted due to social restrictions, lack of awareness and non availability of adequate number of educational institutions. Thus the majority of Indians at this time were illiterate, ignorant and superstitious.
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