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Velia is the Italian (and Latin) name of the traditional town of Elea (Ancient greek language: ????) located on the territory of the comune of Ascea, Salerno, Campania, Italy in a geographical sub-area named Cilento. Originally founded with the Greeks as Hyele (Ancient greek language: ????) in Magna Graecia around 538-535 BC, it is best known as the home of the philosophers Parmenides and Zeno of Elea, plus the Eleatic school of they will were a component. The site of the Acropolis of ancient Elea, when a promontory (castello a mare, meaning "castle over the sea") and now inland, was renamed in between Ages Castellammare della Bruca. The city is situated nearby the Tyrrhenian coast from a hill zone nearby Marina di Casalvelino and Marina di Ascea, on the road linking Agropoli towards southern Cilentan Coast. Its population is mainly situated in the plain via the sea (all around the southern part of the ancient ruins) as well as in the hill zones of Enotria, Bosco and Scifro. Velia also had a railway station about the Naples-Salerno-Reggio Calabria line, closed by the end of 1970s. Reported by Herodotus, in 545 BC Ionian Greeks fled Phocaea, in modern Turkey, that was being besieged because of the Persians. With a bit of wanderings (8 to 10 years) cruising, they stopped in Reggio Calabria, where people were probably joined by Xenophanes, who was during the time at Messina, and moved north along side coast and founded the area of Hyele, later renamed Ele and then, eventually, Elea. The location is nearly with the same latitude as Phocaea. Elea were conquered through the Lucanians, but eventually joined Rome in 273 BC and was built into ancient Lucania. Depending on Virgil's Aeneid, Velia is the place when the body of Palinurus washed ashore. Remains of metropolis walls, with traces of one gate and many towers, of an overall length of over three miles, survive, and participate in three different periods, in all of the of which the crystalline limestone of the locality can be used. Bricks were also employed in later times; their form is peculiar for this place, each having two rectangular channels on the other hand, and being about 1.5 in. square, with a thickness of nearly 4 in. Each of them bear Greek brick-stamps. There are many remains of cisterns on the webpage, and, several other traces of buildings. This taxon is sometimes included in the paraphyletic Class Agnatha, which also includes several groups of extinct armored fishes called ostracoderms. Most fossil agnathans, which include galeaspids, thelodonts, and osteostracans, are definitely more closely linked to vertebrates with jaws (called gnathostomes) rather than cyclostomes.[3][4] Cyclostomes seem to have split off until the evolution of dentine and bone, which can be present in many fossil agnathans, including conodonts.[5] Biologists disagree about whether cyclostomes certainly are a clade. The "vertebrate hypothesis" holds that lampreys are definitely more closely regarding gnathostomes than they will be to the hagfish. The "cyclostome hypothesis", conversely, holds that lampreys and hagfishes tend to be more closely related, making cyclostomata monophyletic.[6][7] Most studies based on anatomy have supported the vertebrate hypothesis,[8] while many molecular phylogenies have supported the cyclostome hypothesis.[1][6][9] One can find exceptions in each case, however. Similarities inside cartilage and muscles of the tongue apparatus also provide evidence of sister-group relationship between lampreys and hagfishes.[10] And at least one molecular phylogeny has supported the vertebrate hypothesis.[11] The embryonic development of hagfishes used to be held to become drastically distinct from that of lampreys and gnathostomes, but recent evidence shows that it is more similar than ever thought, which can remove a hurdle to the cyclostome hypothesis.[12] More data are usually necesary to be more confident which theory is correct. resources : home-of-zeno home-of-zeno home-of-zeno
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