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Why is there such a term sounding complicated as Asphalt Constructions Paving? Man travels. For various reasons, the first human beings moved from place to place. Foremost among these reasons was food. In the beginning, there was no agriculture. Man depended on the Earth’s natural wealth for food and other needs. Wherever food was, man went and followed it. Food was his first basic need. Men grouped together and collectively wandered the vastness of the earth and found more than the food he always needed. As man satisfied his most basic need, he became aware of other needs that required attention. The cold evenings compelled him to cover himself. Cold evenings were compounded when it rained and the increasing heat as the sun goes up above him prompted him to invent shelter. But the comfort that shelter offered did not stop him from moving. Later inventions, such as the wheel, made him travel faster. Having domesticated work animals, man began journeys of long distances. Transport vehicles increased in size to accommodate bigger loads. The increase in size necessitated increase in pull power so as to maintain or increase speed of travel. With this development, passageways had to be improved in size and load capacity. The foot path became wider and tougher to progress into what we now know as roads and highways. First, it was just the dirt road. Out of his inherent ingenuity, man devised ways to make improvements on roadways to better accommodate the transport vehicles that progressively became sophisticated. He learned to think of ways to continually improve road construction and maintenance to provide comfort and safety to travellers. The soft dirt road especially became problematic when soaked under heavy rains. Gravel and rocks were compacted into earth to toughen the road. It was improved in a road construction technique pioneered by Scotsman John Loudon McAdam, using stones no larger than 2 inches each. It was named after him and came to be known as the macadamized road. The next improvement was concreting by use of cement as binder. Further research led to asphalt constructions paving which was an overlay of asphalt concrete on top of the cement concrete road due to the following reasons: • minimised wear and tear of rubber tires • smoother surface resulting in less bumpy or smoother rides • decreased or softened noise produced by friction between tire and road • longer life span of road Small innovations resulting from continual research are from time to time introduced into the road construction industry giving us more and more comfort and safety on the road. More recent research directions include preservation of the environment through environment-friendly techniques such as natural asphalt constructions paving. It is wonderful to know that there always are people silently working for our safety and comfort.
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