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The dictionary definition of knowledge is 'organized body of information or the comprehension and understanding, consequent on having acquired an organized body of facts' In common usage of the word, we say 'a knowledge of French is desirable for the post' which means that a person having reasonable acquaintance with French is eligible for the position. A book of knowledge is the title of a book which contains data and information about IAS Examination. Selected topics which would be useful to students appearing for competitive examinations. Similarly, we often refer to a library as a storehouse of knowledge, meaning thereby, that a library stores documents which contain information and knowledge. Therefore, in common parlance, we use information and knowledge more or less synonymously, without making any distinction between them. But, we must understand the usage of these words a little more precisely in our professional studies. Data are sets of facts or observations and they are turned into useful information after sorting, compressing and organizing them into a meaningful guide to form a basis for further study and research. Patterns of such information are then built into a coherent body of knowledge. , hence, consists of an organized body of information. This interpretative knowledge forms the the following example may make these ideas a little more clearly: basis of insights and judgments. A classic example of the way recent experience can cause fixation is the extensive work done by whose demonstrations of Installing, or mental set, show clearly the way that initial experiences can lead to a mechanization of thought in problem solving. In these demonstrations, subjects are given a series of mathematical puzzles, all of the same format, called water jar problems. The task in these problems is to measure out a specific volume of water using only three jars, each with a specifically defined capacity. All intellectual activities consciously pursued and systematically completed generate useful information. Research also Research and Development is such an activity. Research organizations in science, technology, social sciences and humanities have been established specifically for this purpose of Exam For IAS. Research is a creative work contributing to the growth of knowledge for the benefit of man and society. It is a highly organized activity throughout the world which continuously creates a large mass of new information. There has been a dramatic increase of both research institutions and researchers in all branches of knowledge. More 'and more funds are now allocated for conducting research. The progress of a nation is often judged by the percentage of national income that is spent on R&D. The output of research constitutes a major part of information handled by the library and information centers. Since the industrial revolution in the late 18th century, there has been a large-scale growth in this organized body of information and to this is continuously added the output of current research activities. This phenomenon is characterized' by the term "information explosion".
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