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Anti-infective agents with means to kill or inhibit the role of a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, can be oral, intramuscular injection, intravenous injection of a variety of applications, such as systemic antibiotics, sulfonamides and quinolones, as well as other chemical pharmaceuticals drugs (isoniazid, a Sodium triazole, nitrofurantoin, PPA, etc.).
The rational use of anti-infective agents:
1. Should be familiar with the selection of drug resistant microorganisms in the original activity, pharmacokinetics, indications and adverse reactions.
2. To establish an early etiological diagnosis. The right to establish a reasonable choice of the pathogen was a prerequisite for anti-infective agents. Some conventional methods of pathogen should also not be easily separated as much as possible to use alternative diagnostic technologies, including a variety of immunological tests. Isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria should be as much as possible for the drug sensitivity (susceptibility) the determination and, if necessary, and to conduct joint drug sensitivity test for the selection of drug reference, which deal with serious systemic infection is particularly important.
3. Should be in patients with physiological and pathological immune status, such as rational drug use. Neonatal hypoplasia enzymes in vivo, drug plasma protein binding capacity of the weaker, lower glomerular filtration rate, most of the elderly reduce plasma protein, also decreased renal function, after the application of conventional-dose serum concentration and half-life are often increased and extended, so a small amount of appropriate conditions should be regularly monitored at the plasma peak concentration Valley.
4. Topical application of anti-infective agents to prevent or to avoid strict control should be a clear indication for a small number of persons; as for the prevention of coma, shock, such as patients with infections, or cleaning to prevent infection after surgery is often futile .
Should try to avoid skin and mucous membrane, such as local application of anti-infective agents, as easily cause an allergic reaction, but also easy to have led to drug-resistant. Therefore, in addition to the main drug for local application, such as neomycin, bacitracin, mupirocin, sulfonamides Miloon endures for the treatment of other major systemic infection, especially in the local application of penicillin to try to avoid.
5. Combined with the need for a clear anti-infective indications. Most of the clinical anti-infective agents can be infected with a control, only to increase the joint use and treatment costs of adverse reactions.
6. Should be used for program delivery, dose and treatment. Intravenous administration should not be used for mild to moderate infections. Should be based on pharmacokinetic parameters of the development of drug delivery program. Excessive doses are not affordable or too small, too small to have no therapeutic effect, anti-bacteria may be resistant to; agent too prominent example is the penicillins, is not only a waste of serious and easy to line-induced central nervous system toxicity and electrolyte balance disorders and other adverse reactions.
Applications should normally be sustained anti-infective agents to the body temperature normal, the symptoms subsided within 72 ~ 96 hours, but sepsis, infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, purulent meningitis, typhoid fever, brucellosis, tuberculosis and other cases not. Such as the effects of medication could not acute infection in 48 ~ 72 hours should consider changing or adjusting drug dosage. from:genericanti-infective agents
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