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Phosphorus is a nonmetallic chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15. A multivalent pnictogen, phosphorus as a mineral is almost always present in its maximally oxidised state, as inorganic phosphate rocks. Elemental phosphorus exists in two major forms—white phosphorus and red phosphorus—but due to its high reactivity, phosphorus is never found as a free element on Earth. There is some compounds containing phosphorus, oxygen (known as oxides), hydrogen (known as hydrides), and some other compounds of phosphorus. For each compound, a formal oxidation number for phosphorus is given, In compounds of phosphorus (where known), the most common oxidation numbers of phosphorus are: 5, 3, and -3. 1. Hydrides The term hydride is used to indicate compounds of the type MxHy and not necessarily to indicate that any compounds listed behave as hydrides chemically. Phosphine: PH3 Diphosphorus tetrahydride: P2H4 2. Fluorides Phosphorus trifluoride: PF3 Phosphorus pentafluoride: PF5 Diphosphorus tetrafluoride: P2F4 3. Chlorides Phosphorus trichloride: PCl3 Phosphorus pentachloride: PCl5 Diphosphorus tetrachloride: P2Cl4 Phosphorus oxychloride: POCl3 Dichlorvos: (CH3O)2P(O)OCH=CCl2 4. Bromides Phosphorus pentabromide: PBr5 Diphosphorus tetrabromide: P2Br4 Dimethyl-1,2-dibromo-2,2-dichlorethyl phosphate: (CH3O)2P(O)OCHBrCBrCl2 5. Iodides Phosphorus triiodide: PI3 Diphosphorus tetraiodide: P2I4 6. Oxides Tetraphosphorus decaoxide: P4O10 Tetraphosphorus hexaoxide: P4O6 7. Sulfides Phosphorus pentasulfide: P2S5 Phosphorus pentasulfide: P4S10 Phosphorus Trisulfide: P2S3 Sulprofos: C12H19O2PS3 Azinphos-methyl: C10H12O3PS2N3 [(CH3O)2P(S)SCH2(N3C7H4O)] Fenthion: C10H15O3PS [(CH3O)2P(S)OC6H3(CH3)SCH3] Fonofos: C10H15OPS2 Chlorpyrifos: C9H11Cl3NO3PS Demeton: (C2H5O)2PSOC2H4SC2H5 Dimethyl glycol phthalate: C12H21N2O3PS Disulfoton: C8H19O2PS3 [(C2H5O)2P(S)S(CH2)2SC2H5] EPN: C14H14O4NSP [(C2H5O(C6H5)P(S)OC6H4NO2)] Ethion: [(C2H5O)2P(S)S]2CH2 Ethyl butyrate: [(CH3CH2O)2PS]2O Ethyl parathion: (C2H5O)2P(S)OC6H4NO2 Fenamiphos: C13H22NO3PS Fensulfothion: C11H17O4PS2 [(C2H5O)2P(S)OC6H4S(O)CH3] Malathion: C10H19O6PS2 [(CH3O)2P(S)SCH(COOC2H5)CH2COOC2H5] Methyl demeton: C6H15O3PS2 [(CH3O)2P(S)O[CH2]2SCH2CH3] Methyl parathion: (CH3O)2P(S)OC6H4NO2 Phorate: (C2H5O)2P(S)SCH2SC2H5 8. Others Phosphoric acid: H3PO4 Calcium phosphide: Ca3P2 Dibutyl phosphate: (C4H9O)2(OH)PO Dicrotophos: C8H16NO5P Monocrotophos: C7H14NO5P [(CH3O)2P(O)OC(CH3)=CHC(O)NHCH3] Phenylphosphine: C6H5PH2 Triphenylphosphine: P(C6H5)3 Tetraethyl pyrophosphate: [(CH3CH2O)2PO]2O Tetrasodium pyrophosphate: Na4P2O7 Tri-Phenyl Phosphate: (C6H5O)3PO Tributyl phosphate: (CH3[CH2]3O)3PO Tributyl phosphate: C12H27O4P Trimethyl phosphite: (CH3O)3P Triorthocresyl phosphate: (CH3C6H40)3PO
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