"We have identified a set of new genes that are highlyexpressed in the nervous system and have a specific function in abiological process that is crucial for the activity and viabilityof the nervous system," explains Eduardo Soriano, head of theNeurobiology and Cell Regeneration group at IRB Barcelona. By means of comparative genomic analyses, the scientists havediscovered that these genes are found only in more evolved mammals,the so-called Eutharia, these characterized by internalfertilization and development. "This finding indicates therelevance of mitochondrial biology. When the brain evolved in size,function and structure, the mitochondrial transport process alsobecame more complex and probably required additional regulatorymechanisms," says Soriano. "Likewise, given the origin ofthe gene cluster, in the transition between primitive mammals, suchas marsupials (kangaroos) and the remaining placental mammals, itis tempting to propose that the cluster is linked to the increasedcomplexity of the cerebral cortex in the lineage that leads tohumans," adds Jordi Garcia-Fernàndez, professor of theDepartment of Genetics and member of the Institute of Biomedicineof the University of Barcelona (IBUB), affiliated centre to theBarcelona Knowledge Campus (BKC), a health campus of internationalexcellence, who has also taken part in the study, among otherauthors. Correct brain function is highly energy-demanding. However, thisenergy must be finely distributed throughout neurons -- cells thathave ramifications that can reach up to tens of centimetres inlength, from the brain to the limbs. This cluster of genes formspart of the "wheel" machinery of mitochondria andregulates the localization of each cell on the basis of its energyrequirements. "These genes would be like an extra control incellular mitochondrial trafficking and they interact with the majorproteins associated with the regulation of mitochondrialtransport," explains Soriano. Another striking characteristic of these new proteins is that theyare found both in mitochondria, the function of which has alreadybeen described, and in the cell nucleus, where their function isunknown. "They may also be involved in the regulation of geneexpression, a possibility that we are now studying." Inaddition to their potential involvement in brain pathologies, theresearchers believe that these proteins may be related to metabolicdiseases and cancer. This study has been performed in collaboration with the teamsheaded by Jordi Garcia-Fernàndez, from the UB, RamónTrullás and Javier García-Sancho, both from the CSIC,and Antoni L. Andreu, from the Hospital de la Vall d´Hebron. I am an expert from zogear.com, while we provides the quality product, such as China Sterilization Reels , Dental Endodontic Instruments Manufacturer, Dental Saliva Ejector,and more.
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