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A geophysical instrument is a tool used by scientist to survey and collect data from the earth. Such data is used to find minerals, detect electromagnetic fields, locate fossils, find ancient sites, and chart earth quakes. The uses of these tools are almost too numerous to list. As technology advances, so does the methods of geophysical surveying. Echo sounding is one method of collecting data from the earth. This technique uses sound waves to measure distance and depth. Electronic echo sounding equipment is now available to researches. This instrument is commonly found on boats and helps determine the depth of the ocean. It is also used to find fish, and locate oil. Ground penetrating radar is another example of data collecting. This method eliminates the need to dig by using imaging software to tell scientist what is beneath the surface. The radar works by measuring high-frequency radio waves. Ground penetrating radars are placed on satellites to help scientist scope larger areas to locate precious minerals and rocks. Scientist are now using highly advanced imaging systems that allow 3D images to be produced. A similar technique is used by hospitals to obtain an MRI. Radars and imaging software also saves scientist time by preventing futile expeditions. Another, more commonly used, tool is the magnetometer. Magnetometers have a very wide and diverse range of uses. This device can be used to detect anything from underwater shipwrecks, buried drums of toxic waste, and magnetic fields on other planets. Its most common use is to detect electromagnetic fields. As equipment gains sensitivity, data collection becomes easier. The use of computer software allows data to be digitalized which makes it easier to record, store, and evaluate findings. Advancements in the geophysical instrument allow scientists to limit their impact on the environment, and yield more accurate results. This also makes research more efficient, environmentally friendly and less costly. Advanced Geosciences. Inc. (http://www.agiusa.com) is a manufacturer of geophysical geophysical instrument and IP imaging systems.
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