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It is known that in order to help manage behavioral manifestations of autism, like hyperactivity, impulsivity, attention difficulties, and anxiety, there is given medication. Usually, the role of the medication is to lessen these problems, and must be said that medication does not treat the underlying neurological problems associated with autism. Medications used in autism affect the brain, and as the most often used we can mention antipsychotic drugs, antidepressants, stimulants, and there are other drugs too. As antidepressants we can mention the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which are often used to treat patients with depression, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and sertraline are some examples of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. It was seen that these drugs reduce repetitive behaviors, irritability, tantrums, and aggression in some people with autism. There are used also other antidepressants like Clomipramine, Mirtazapine, bupropion and amitriptyline but in much more rare situations. Stimulants reduce impulsivity and hyperactivity, and increase the person’s ability to concentrate. Some of the stimulants used include methylphenidate and amphetamines. Antipsychotic drugs can reduce hyperactivity, repetitive behaviors, withdrawal and aggression, and it is known that because the traditional antipsychotics had more side effects, they were replaced by the atypical antipsychotics. These are newer medications and include risperidone, quetiapine and olanzapine. There are other drugs that can be used to help people with autism. To stabilize mood and/or behavior, and to manage seizures, anticonvulsants are frequently used. To manage hyperactivity and behavioral problems there can be used alpha-2 adrenergic agonists. It is known that sometimes propanolol and Buspirone are also used. It is known that in many cases these drugs were not tested in scientific studies in individuals with autism. Short and long-term side effects, interactions with other drugs and foods, dosage and monitoring are some concerning facts. It is known that many of these drugs have side effects like sleepiness for example, and some of them can develop dependence, so it is important that an experienced doctor to prescribe these drugs. It was seen that there exists the possibility that in some people given supplements like vitamin B, magnesium, cod liver oil, and vitamin C to appear an improvement in symptoms. Dietary management can be important in people with autism who have food sensitivities and food allergies, in order to maintain nutrition and health. There were reported improvements in symptoms of autism when diets eliminating suspect proteins, such as gluten were consistently followed. Unfortunately, there are no scientific studies to confirm their effectiveness. It is important to maintain adequate nutrition, to be careful with the intake of minerals, vitamins and other supplements, because they can be also dangerous, and to discuss about the diet with the doctor.
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